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Upper Airway Surgery

Upper Airway Surgery

The upper airway, including the larynx, pharynx, and associated structures, plays a crucial role in a horse's ability to breathe efficiently. Surgery may be recommended to alleviate obstructions, correct abnormalities, and improve respiratory function. At Großwallstadt Equine Clinic, our diagnostic process begins with a thorough endoscopic examination of the upper airway at rest followed by dynamic endoscopy during exercise to capture a comprehensive view of the upper airway in action. A thorough diagnostic evaluation is crucial in determining the most appropriate treatment for each individual case. Our experienced surgeons utilize advanced techniques to treat various conditions such as laryngeal hemiplegia, dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP), epiglottic entrapment, arytenoid chondritis, guttural pouch mycosis and other conditions affecting the larynx and pharynx.
We offer a comprehensive range of upper respiratory tract surgical procedures, including standing tie-back (laryngoplasty), laser-assisted ventriculocordectomy, epiglottic entrapment correction, and sinus surgery. Standing procedures minimize associated risks by avoiding general anaesthesia, making it safer for patients. Horses undergoing Standing Upper Airway Surgery experience a quicker recovery than traditional surgical procedures under general anesthesia, with the significant advantage of resuming normal activities sooner.
Guttural Pouch

The guttural pouches are unique structures in horses located behind the skull, and they serve various functions including cooling air during respiration and aiding in vocalization.

Pathologies affecting the guttural pouch in horses that are commonly treated at our hospital include:

  • Guttural Pouch Mycosis (fungal infection)
  • Guttural Pouch Empyema (accumulation of pus)
  • Guttural Pouch Tympany (accumulation of gas)
  • Guttural Pouch Chondroids (calcified masses)
Guttural Pouch Mycosis

Mycosis refers to a fungal infection. When it occurs in the guttural pouches, it can lead to significant complications. The most common causative agent is Aspergillus fumigatus, although other fungal species may also be involved.

Symptoms of guttural pouch mycosis can vary but often include:
  • Epistaxis (nosebleeds)
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Respiratory distress
  • Head tilt or swelling

Diagnosis of guttural pouch mycosis typically involves an endoscopic examination of the guttural pouches, where characteristic fungal plaques may be observed. Computed tomography (CT) scans can also be used to evaluate the extent of the infection and its impact on surrounding structures.

Treatment usually consists of administering antifungal medications directly to the affected area via endoscopic guidance. In severe cases or if conservative treatment fails, surgical intervention may be required.

The surgical approach to treating guttural pouch mycosis typically involves one or a combination of the following techniques:
  • Transnasal endoscopic laser ablation
  • Arterial occlusion

If you suspect your horse is showing symptoms of this condition, please do not hesitate to contact us for personalized care and support. Early diagnosis and intervention are essential to ensure the best possible outcome for your horse’s health and well-being.